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Suitable Clay
Clay layer is the first impermeable layer which prevents flow of the leachate into groundwater. In some grounds, ground includes natural clay and this supplies a natural impermeable layer otherwise clay is carried to the area, laid and compressed by compactors.
First of all site must be controlled if it has natural clay or not. Impermeability value of natural clay must be 10^-8 m/s and this value is indicated in Turkish Solid Waste Controlling Regulation for municipal waste land filling surfaces. Impermeability value is 10^-9 m/sn for EU projects. If there is no natural clay, closest area is investigated for finding and moving natural clay. Finally if there is no clay available around the site, Bentonite is used instead of the clay.
